Demonstrators raise placards and Israeli flags during an anti-government protest calling for action to secure the release of Israeli hostages held captive since the 7 October attacks by Palestinian militants in the Gaza Strip, near the residence of the Israeli prime minister in Jerusalem. (Ahmad Gharabli/AFP)
- A ceasefire deal in Gaza is 90% done, says the US.
- But Israel rejected that assertion.
- US President Joe Biden wants a deal before he leaves office.
A ceasefire agreement in Gaza, an anonymous US official told reporters, is 90% ready.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu then swiftly called the assessment inaccurate. But within hours, Secretary of State Antony Blinken insisted that, indeed, 90% was done.
US President Joe Biden’s administration, with a little more than four months left in office, is dialling up its diplomacy for a Gaza deal and remaining publicly optimistic despite weeks of delays and serial setbacks.
A breakthrough could offer a major boost – a vaunted “October surprise” – to Biden’s heir Kamala Harris in the razor-thin race against Donald Trump for the White House.
Experts, in any case, say the United States has little choice but to keep trying.
READ | Hamas says Netanyahu trying to ‘thwart’ Gaza truce
Since Israel announced on 1 September that Hamas had killed six hostages, including one with US citizenship, the Biden administration has stressed the urgency of a truce, even as Netanyahu – heading a fragile far-right government – has vowed no concessions despite mass protests from Israelis who favour a deal.
Palestinians find their way amid the dust and smoke after Israeli troops targeted a building in the Nuseirat refugee camp in the central Gaza Strip, as the conflict between Israel and the Hamas militant group continues. (Eyad Baba/AFP)
Blinken acknowledged that until there is a final “yes” from both sides, the delicately negotiated package to wind down 11 months of bloodshed could break down at any time.
Each day could bring “an intervening event which simply pushes things off and runs the risk of derailing what is a pretty fragile apple cart”, Blinken said on Thursday.
Biden personally presented a plan on 31 May that would stop fighting for an initial six weeks and see both sides release captives.
The US, working with Arab mediators Qatar and Egypt, has sought in recent weeks to bridge remaining gaps.
One of the biggest stumbling blocks has been the Gaza border with Egypt, known as the Philadelphi Corridor.
Netanyahu has demanded a presence by Israeli troops who seized posts from Hamas.
US mediators are looking at a formula on where and when Israeli troops pull out, with the deal speaking of withdrawal from “densely populated” areas; but they also need to mollify an angry Egypt, the first Arab country to make peace with Israel.
Despite intensive US diplomacy, a mounting death toll and overwhelming Israeli public support for a deal, both Netanyahu and Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar see their political survival at stake by accepting, said Merissa Khurma, director of the Middle East programme at the Wilson Center in Washington.
She said:
I honestly don’t see any major breakthrough. I think particularly Netanyahu is very much aware of the US political timeline and the domestic component.
Biden staunchly backed Israel after the 7 October attack by Hamas, the deadliest in the history of Israel, which according to official figures resulted in the deaths of 1 205 people, mostly civilians including some hostages killed in captivity.
Biden has since criticised Israel for not doing more to protect civilians in its relentless military campaign in Hamas-ruled Gaza, where authorities say nearly 40 000 people have died.
Biden, however, has with one exception stopped short of using the ultimate leverage – curbing the billions of dollars in US weapons to Israel – thereby angering some on the left of his Democratic Party.
Harris’ election rival Donald Trump has had a fraught relationship with Netanyahu, but his Republican Party is overwhelmingly pro-Israel.
A man walks holding a child suffering from a rash next to raw sewage at a makeshift camp for displaced Palestinians in Deir al-Balah in the central Gaza Strip, amid the continuing conflict between Israel and the militant Hamas group. (Eyad Baba/AFP)
The Arab American Institute, which advocates greater support for the Palestinians, said its polling shows that Harris has more to gain than lose from a tougher stand on Israel, while the reverse is true for Trump.
Ghaith al-Omari, a senior fellow at the Washington Institute, agreed that neither Netanyahu nor Hamas appeared interested in closing gaps, and he noted the difficulty of remaining issues.
“Just because we have 90% done doesn’t mean that we’re any closer to a deal,” he said.
“I don’t believe that the US negotiators are naïve. They know the difficulty. But I think what we see right now is an attempt by the US to keep the negotiations alive,” said al-Omari, a former Palestinian Authority adviser.
Calm in Gaza is a prerequisite if Saudi Arabia – guardian of Islam’s two holiest shrines – is to move forward in talks on the landmark step of recognising Israel.
An Israeli army tank rolls in an area near Israel’s southern border with the Gaza Strip, amid the ongoing conflict between Israel and the Palestinian militant group Hamas. (Jack Guez/AFP)
Blinken said on Thursday he believed a deal remained possible in Biden’s final months – hoping to incentivise Netanyahu, knowing how eager he is for Saudi normalisation.
Al-Omari said the US also had to keep up its ceasefire push to restore stability in the vital Red Sea and prevent even greater violence in the region, including an all-out Israel-Lebanon war.
“This is the Middle East. It can always get worse, and it usually does,” al-Omari said.
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